Tag: 3GPP

LTE Advanced- beyond the next Step

The evolution of LTE (Long Term Evolution) is already developed. LTE Advanced is to say the new technology.

 

The Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifies in its Release 10, the objectives of LTE-Advanced. The mobile technology corresponds to the 3GPP LTE Release 8 LTE Advanced is to be backward compatible. Not only are the transfer rates expected to rise with LTE Advanced. The use of multiple antennas and the incorporation of relay stations are to be carried forward.

 

More bandwidth

The bandwidth is LTE-Advanced is significantly higher than the LTE in Release 8. Instead of 20 megahertz, LTE-Advanced can bundle multiple carriers and thus use up to 100 MHz simultaneously. Here may also be combined in different frequency bands, frequency ranges – important because no carrier has been on a continuous frequency range of 100 MHz. Currently these 100 MHz are only in theory, in practice more spectra are assigned. This can happen only in 2015 at the World Radio Conference (WRC). Until then, the bandwidth will probably be limited to 40 MHz.

Another innovation that will keep up with LTE-Advanced collection is called “relay nodes”, i.e. relay stations. This will allow, even outside the range of a base station to receive the signal. In the edge region the signal reinforces relay stations. Connected the relay stations means connected to the base station. Thus, the signal strength inside buildings can be improved.

Interference use

Another method that could be introduced with LTE Advanced is CoMP (Coordinated Multi-Point). This is a problem to be addressed, which often occurs, especially in densely populated areas. There where many transmission towers are in a confined space, to their ranges and signals often overlap. This interference occurring far as disorder should be used wisely with the CoMP process. If interference is likely, future base stations preprocess messages for multiple users together prior to transmission. By preprocessing, signals are superimposed on the desired user device design, but are eliminated at the antennas of other users.

 

LTE – Up to 300 Mbit/s Per Second for Release 9

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standardized wireless technology Long Term Evolution (LTE). 3GPP is a consortium of several institutes.

 

 

The project also defines standards for other mobile technologies such as HSPA. In December 2009, the Release 9 followed as the second standard, which contained LTE after the year before the release had 8 defines first LTE.

 

Four independent antennas

 

LTE Release 9 help you reach computationally up to 326.4 Mbit/s for receiving data (download) and up to 86.4 Mbit/s for sending data (upload).

 

Compared to 172.8Mbit/s download, which can be reached with Release 8, the theoretical speed was almost doubled. These Technologies make it more possible. As with Release 8, a 16-fold quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is used, a technology that enables more data to be carried on a shaft.

 

In addition, up to 20 MHz frequency bandwidth used. However, Release 9 is used in contrast to its predecessor up to four independent antennas at the transmitter as the receiver; the same send or receive data. This technology is called MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output).

LTE – Up to 172.6Mbit/s

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standardized wireless technology Long Term Evolution (LTE). 3GPP is a consortium of several institutes.

 

The project also defines standards for other mobile technologies such as HSPA. In Release 8 of the 3GPP LTE in 2008 for the first time defined. Here, speed and technology used were committed.

 

Different Technologies for Increasing the Data Rate

 

With Release 8, the theoretical top speed with LTE on 172.8 Mbit/s when receiving data (download) and up to 57.6 Mbit/s is limited to send data.

 

 

The speeds are made possible by a number of technical parameters. First, a 16 fold quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is used, a technology that enables more data to be carried on a shaft.

 

By a plurality of antennas at both transmitters on the receiver side as the speed is increased in both directions as well. This technology is called MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). On LTE Release 8, two independent antennas are used (2 x 2 MIMO). Essential for the increase in speed is also the frequency bandwidth of the connection. In this case, up to 20 MHz, in order to transmit data.

 

 

In reality, the network operators are indeed technology such as MIMO and QAM are available, but there is a lack of sufficient bandwidth. This is spread across multiple network operators, so that in practice 50 to 75Mbit/s are technically feasible in the download.

 

 

 

LTE Standardization

3GPP is initiative responsible for the standardization of LTE mobile technology. 3GPP Stands for Third Generation Partnership project.

 

The initiative focuses on the standardization of LTE and third generation wireless technologies such as UMTS.

 

Technical specifications of LTE

 

In various releases since 1999, the 3GPP initiative has published technical specifications for different areas of mobile communications technology. The release 8 focuses on the standardization of LTE technology and is the most recently completed. In releases 9 AND 10 further standardization of LTE technology are made.

 

Release 9 is concerned with improvements and enhancements of HSPA and LTE Release 10 defines the technical specifications of LTE-Advanced. For Release 9, the development of the remaining issues to be completed in March 2011. Release 10 is still under development, a completion data is unknown.

 

About 3GPP

 

3GPP was created in 1988 with the goal of creating a global mobile applicable third generation system. Practically to the standardization by 3GPP to enable the users to get in as many networks worldwide with the same equipment, the same services as in his home network. The detailed technical specifications are intended to describe all aspects of mobile technology so precise that the mobile devices of all manufacturers without errors on all cellular functions.

 

The initiative consists of 3GPP Organizational Partners (OPs) and Market Representation Partner (MRP). OP’s are the world’s defining standards bodies in the IT industry: the Association of Radio Industries and Business, Japan (ARIB), the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, USA (ATIS), the Telecommunications Technology Associations Korea (TTA), the Telecommunications Technology Committee, Japan (TTC) and the China Communications Standards Association (CCSA). About this Organizational Partners worldwide a majority of all mobile operators, manufacturers and regulators is organized in the 3GPP initiative.